Cylindrical vases
圆柱形花瓶
What immediately comes to mind with cylindrical vases is a tall glass vase where you can use the length of the vase and the flowers on top as decoration. Instinctively you would think of tall, linear arrangements, but what about a large squat vase that just has floating candles on the top with the flowers buried underwater? Cylindrical vases are very versatile. They can be grouped at different heights, displayed as a formal line of the same vase with different flowers in each, or used as a single large container for a special display.
2 They also don't always come in glass, but glass does allow adding decoration to the design like crystal beads or colored stones that could enhance the overall look--plenty of choices with a cylindrical vase and a definite on the list of must-haves for your collection.
提到圆柱形花瓶，人们立刻想到的就是那种高挑的玻璃花瓶，你可以利用瓶身的高度和顶部的花卉作装饰。你本能地认为这种花瓶会使用修长的线性插花，但何不试试低矮的大花瓶呢？比如在瓶口水面放几只漂浮蜡烛，而将花材浸在水底。圆柱形花瓶的用途非常广泛。它们既可以高低错落组合摆放，也可以把同款花瓶排成一列，在每个花瓶中插入不同的花，形成规整的陈列，亦可以作为单个大型容器用于特别展示。
2 这类花瓶并不限于玻璃材质，但使用玻璃材质可以在设计中添加水晶珠或彩色石头等装饰，从而提升整体美感。圆柱形花瓶的选择非常丰富多样，绝对是花器收藏清单上的必备之选。
Bud vases
蓓蕾花瓶
3 As the name suggests, a bud vase is for a single flower or a small group of flowers. They became popular in the 18th Century for displaying a spring bloom in bud or a single spectacular bloom with a strong scent. What they all have in common is that they have small openings that cannot fit more than a few flowers. They can be very plain to show off the blooms or very ornate and highly decorated.Minimalist designs often use a single bud vase or rows of bud vases to get the right look.
3顾名思义，蓓蕾花瓶用于摆放单支花或一小束花。18世纪时，蓓蕾花瓶开始流行,用于展示含苞待放的春花或是单支香气浓郁、引人注目的花朵。所有蓓蕾花瓶的共同特点是瓶口很小，最多只能插几朵花。它们既可以设计得非常朴素，用以突出花朵本身的美；也可以设计得富丽华美，装饰繁复。极简主义设计常常会用单个或者成排的蓓蕾花瓶作装饰，以达到理想的设计效果。
Bowl and dish vases
碗状和盘状花瓶
4 Arrangements for low vases often need the help of a frog or pin holder,or a tape grid to help keep the flowers stable. Many of the Japanese Ikebana dishes are low, and they use various techniques to hold the flowers in place like cutting a piece of strong stem across the length of the bowl and splitting the stem on one end so that the flowers poke through and are held in place by the stem.
5 Because of the shape, some bowlsneed loads of flowers to fill them so often large leaves are used to fill space.Also, if the bowl has a round shape,mimicking that shape over the top to form a circle is often a pleasing arrangement for the eye and great as table décor because it wouldn't be very high.
4 使用低矮花瓶插花通常需要借助花蛙、针座或胶带网格固定花材。许多日式插花皿比较低矮，他们会用多样的技巧来固定花材，比如将一段结实的花茎横向卡在碗形插花皿中，然后在花茎的一端切开一道口子，这样花就可以从切口里穿过去，并被花茎固定住。
5 有些碗状花瓶由于其形状特点需要大量的花才能被填满，所以人们经常会用大片的叶子来填充空白。此外，如果碗是圆形的，在其顶部顺势设计圆形的插花，往往能给人带来愉悦的视觉感受，而且这种插花不会太高，非常适合用作桌面装饰品。
Basket and woven containers
篮子和编织容器
6 Baskets, rattan, or cane vessels have a more earthy natural feel with a design.They almost ask for daisies and wildflowers to be picked and placed in a woven basket. Plus, they would feature more in a rustic setting rather than a modern contemporary setting and have a place in the heart of many designers.
7 They need to be lined or a waterproof container placed inside before starting to arrange flowers.
6 篮子、藤条或藤编容器有着更质朴自然的设计感。将现采的雏菊和野花编插在编织篮里再合适不过了。此外，它们更适合乡村风格的环境，而非现代化的场景，许多设计师都对它们情有独钟。
7 在使用这种容器插花之前需要给它们做内衬，或者在里面放一个防水的容器。
Novelty containers
新式容器
8 As we know, anything that can hold water and be watertight can be used as a container for flowers. So, this opens up the choice to so many things and some we haven't even thought of yet. The standard choices in this category could be things like buckets, jugs, milk bottles, jam jars, watering cans, terracotta pots, plant pots, troughs, and fishbowls,but it's time to think outside the box'-hey, wait, you can use the box too if you add a plastic liner...
9 Thematic arrangements are often the order of the day for parties and events.Displays in shells for a beach theme or coconuts for a tropical theme. What about carved-out pumpkins for Halloween or decorating around a vase with sticks, for example for a more rustic look?
10 Look for anything unique and add flowers for something different.
8 众所周知，任何能装水且不漏水的东西都可以用作插花的容器。这就为我们提供了各种各样的选择，有些甚至是我们从未想过的。这类容器中常见的有水桶、水壶、牛奶瓶、果酱罐、洒水壶、赤陶罐、花盆、饲料槽和鱼缸等，而现在是时候跳出盒子来思考了——嘿，等等，其实只要加个塑料内衬，用盒子也没问题……
9 主题插花往往是派对和聚会活动的首选，比如海滩主题活动可以用贝壳插花，热带主题则可以用椰子壳插花。万圣节则用镂空的南瓜怎么样？或者.比如为了营造乡村风格，在花瓶周围用树枝做装饰如何？
10 找一些独特的东西插上花，就能呈现出与众不同的效果。
Hanging vessels
悬挂式容器
11 Moving out of the normal definition of a container or vase, some great designs rely on hanging or 'floating' flowers. A large installation over a table often seen on Instagram or Pinterest at high-end restaurants and hotels or weddings without a budget-can inspire anyone to try floral art. And it doesn't need to be ón such a large extravagant scale. Tie a few jam jars with string,add some water and a few flowers, and tie them to a limb of a tree and you have an instant DIY hanging garden that is perfect for a summer party or a spring garden wedding. There are some specific containers you can purchase to help along the way, like glass baubles at Christmas time.
12 Just like hanging baskets for plants,hanging containers for fresh flowers can also give you a cascading effect that is pretty and such a good idea for filling vertical spaces.
11 打破容器或花瓶的常规定义，有些出色的设计会用到悬挂式或“漂浮式”的花。我们常常能够在照片墙或Pinterest上看到，在某些高档餐厅、酒店或不设预算的婚礼中，桌子的上方设有大型的悬挂花艺装置，这总能激发人们尝试花艺创作的冲动。而且、这种装置不一定非要做得那么庞大奢华。用绳子把几个果酱罐绑起来，装上水，插上几朵花，然后系在树枝上，你马上就得到了一个自己动手制作的空中花园，这种方法非常适合用于装饰夏日派对或春季的花园婚礼。你也可以购买一些专门的容器来依此制作，比如圣诞节时用的玻璃装饰球。
12 就像盆栽用的悬挂篮一样，插花的悬挂式容器也能营造出美观的瀑布效果，同时这也是装饰垂直空间的好办法。
Terrariums
生态箱
13 Terrariums are an art form in their own right, but also a way to display flowers, mosses, rocks, stones, and wood for a long-lasting arrangement. There are various ways to put them together and they are also divided into closed systems that make their own ecosystems or open systems that need a bit more care and watering occasionally. Various flowers,like orchids, African violets, and air plants, do very well in terrariums. This works better as living plants in closed terrariums, but any cut flowers can also be added to an open system and then replaced every couple of weeks.
13 生态箱本身就是一种艺术形式，也是一种长时间展示花卉、苔藓、岩石、石块和木头的载体。组合布置这些元素的方法多种多样，生态箱还分为封闭系统和开放系统。封闭系统能形成自己的生态环境，开放系统则需要稍加照料，偶尔浇浇水。各种花卉，如兰花、非洲堇和空气凤梨，都可以在生态箱中很好地生长。封闭的生态箱更适合种植活的植物，而开放系统中可以放置各种切花，但是需要每隔两三周更换一次。
Aesthetic considerations
美学考量
14 The general rule for choosing a container is that the container should cover a third of the overall height or width of the finished design. But, that is often just not practical so it should be a general rule of thumb and not set in stone.
15 When choosing a container, look at the shapeis it curved, footed, trumpetshaped, square, round, bulbous? All these will dictate how you start a design.
16 Size matters. Containers can be big and small, thin and fat, tall and short.Also, look at the texture—is it matt or glossy,smooth or ribbed, distressed or aged, what patterns does it have if any,are their designs painted on it like Chinese vases, or include relief decorations like Wedgwood²? And while overly fussy flowers or formal designs will not go well in a highly decorated antique vase, your eye will be the way to tell if the design as a whole with the container is working.
17 If you start with the style you want to achieve, then you are halfway there.These could be anything from rustic,modern, elegant, traditional, playful,antique, retro, eclectic, or vintage. Vases can complement your design if you choose wisely.
18 Choosing a container can be quite personal and often dictates the style of design you prefer. Go with those feelings, they always turn out better than trying to work with something you don't like very much. Always complement the surroundings, furnishings, and décor of the place where the flowers will end up so it enhances the area rather than distracting from it. And always be original, unique, and stand out from the crowd.
14 选择容器的一般性规则是，容器应占成品设计总高度或总宽度的三分之一。但这往往很难实现，所以它只是一个大致的经验法则，而非一成不变的规定。
15选择容器时需要留意它的形状——它是弧线形的、带脚座的、喇叭形状的、方形的、圆形的，还是球茎形的？这些都会决定你的设计从何入手。
16 容器的尺寸至关重要，它或大或小、或宽或窄、或高或矮。同时也要细观容器的质地——它是哑光还是亮面，是光滑的还是有棱纹的，是故意做旧还是真的老旧？如果有图案的话，是什么图案，是像中式花瓶那样的彩釉绘饰，或者像韦奇伍德那样的浮雕工艺？如果是过于繁复的花卉或正式的设计，就不太适合用来装饰华丽的古董花瓶。你的眼睛会告诉你包括容器在内的整体设计是否协调。
17 如果你确定了最终成品的风格，那么你就成功了一半。这些风格既可以是田园式的、现代感的、优雅精致的、传统复古的，也可以是趣味俏皮的、古色古香的、经典怀旧的.抑或是兼容混搭或充满年代感的。只要选对花瓶，它就能与你的设计相得益彰。
18 容器的选择往往带有个人色彩，而且常常就此确定你要选择的设计风格。跟着自己的感觉走，这样总会比勉强自己使用不喜欢的容器要好。还要确保插花最终摆放的位置能够与周围的环境、家具和装潢相协调，这样才能起到相辅相成的作用，而不是显得格格不入。同时，一定要有原创性，独具特色，与众不同。
（译者为“《英语世界》杯”翻译大赛获奖者）
