1.2《克罗默》

E1: It was the only time his father had ever struck him. “ You never run away,” his father said, on his knees, and then struck Harry again, quickly, the moon bright in the greenhouse and his father only a silhouette.

C1: 这是他父亲唯一一次打他。“你从来不逃跑，”父亲跪在地上说到，然后又打了哈利一下，很快，暖房里的月光皎洁，他父亲只剩下一个剪影。

C2: 这是他父亲唯一一次打他。“你从来不逃跑，”父亲对着跪在地上的哈利说到，然后又打了哈利一下，很快，暖房里的月光皎洁，他父亲只剩下一个剪影。

In Example 1, if the phrase "on his knees" in the original text is not related to the context and it is not known whether "his" represents the father or Henry, it may be translated as “父亲跪在地上说到”. However, based on the context in the previous text, Henry was caught by his father due to his playfulness, and it is also mentioned in the following text that his father hit Henry, so this phrase should be translated as “父亲对着跪在地上的哈利说到”

E2: He saw the unfolding map of them.  He always had.  It kept them going through the decades and the success of the shop.

C1: 他看到了他们展开的地图。他一直都是。这让他们度过了几十年，也让这家店取得了成功。

C2: 他看到了他们未来的蓝图。 他一直都是。 他们支撑了几十年，也支撑着店铺的成功。

In example 2, if you do not translate the words from context, some translators choose to directly translate "the unfolding map of them" as "他看到了他们展开的地图." It can be seen that we should adopt the method of free translation. What they see is the blueprint of the future, “他看到了他们未来的蓝图”which is full of hope. That is to say, translators not only need to rely on their professional knowledge to obtain the meaning of words, but also need to find the hidden meaning of sentences according to the context provided by the original text. In this way, the translations in Version 2 can be better understood by the target audience and make sense in the context of the application.

E3: They didn’t locate the shop, but they found the fish-and-chips place they had eaten at almost every day.

C1:他们没有定位这家店，但他们找到了几乎每天都在吃的炸鱼薯条店。

C2: 他们没有找到那家店，但他们找到了他们几乎每天都吃的鱼和薯条店。

In example 3, "locate" means "定位". Obviously, we cannot translate it into "定位" in this article, because in Chinese we do not say that“我们定位了这家店”. According to the context of the previous article, we also know that they are looking for a shop.So it follows that they found“找到” the store below, which is obviously easy for readers to understand. According to the theory of functional equivalence, translators should use plain language to convey information and meet the needs of target language readers.